History: Roman Empire
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| History: Roman Empire |
The founding of Rome (Roma Întemeiată) represents the mythological and historical starting point of Roman civilization.
According to ancient tradition established by historians such as Livy and Varro, the Founding of Rome (Ab Urbe Condita) took place on April 21, 753 BC.
🏛️ Chronology of the Founding and Periodization of Ancient Rome
1. Legendary Founding (753 BC)
The Legend of Romulus and Remus: Twin sons of the god Mars and the Vestal Virgin Rhea Silvia, abandoned on the Tiber River and suckled by a she-wolf (Lupa Capitolina).
The Establishment: Romulus traces the sacred boundary (pomerium) on the Palatine Hill. Following a conflict between the brothers, Romulus kills Remus and becomes the first king of Rome.
2. Roman Kingdom (753 BC – 509 BC)
Rome is ruled by a succession of 7 legendary kings (from Romulus to Tarquin the Proud).
The period during which institutional, religious, and early fortification foundations were laid across the 7 hills of Rome.
3. Roman Republic (509 BC – 27 BC)
The expulsion of the last Etruscan king and the transition to a system of governance led by the Senate and two annually elected Consuls.
A period of massive territorial expansion across Italy and the entire Mediterranean basin.
Video Title:
SCIPIO AFRICANUS: The Greatest General in Roman History [Full Documentary]
Description:
Discover the fascinating story of Scipio Africanus, the man who saved Rome from the brink of destruction by Hannibal Barca and forever altered the course of ancient history.
During the darkest hour of the Roman Republic, when Hannibal's military genius was scorching Italy and threatening the very survival of Rome, a young patrician from the Cornelia clan stepped forward. A survivor of the catastrophe at Cannae, Publius Cornelius Scipio revolutionized warfare and transformed military command forever.
In this complete documentary, you will explore:
🏛️ Origins and Early Life: His upbringing in an illustrious patrician family and his Hellenistic-influenced education.
⚔️ From Cannae to Command: How Scipio turned one of Rome's greatest military disasters into a masterclass in strategy.
🇪🇸 The Spanish Campaign: The brilliant tactical and logistical operations that wrested Hispania away from Carthaginian control.
🛡️ The Battle of Zama: The epic clash between two military titans—Scipio and Hannibal—and how Scipio earned the title Africanus.
🧠 Revolutionizing Military Command: Why Scipio is remembered as a modern strategist who prioritized logistics, intelligence, and grand political vision over fighting in the front lines.
📌 Watch the full documentary on YouTube:
SCIPIO AFRICANUS: cel mai mare general din istoria Romei
4. Roman Empire (27 BC – 476 AD / 1453 AD)
Begins with Octavian Augustus taking power (27 BC), marking the transition from Republic to imperial autocratic rule.
📅 Historical Relevance: The Ab Urbe Condita (A.U.C.) Era
The Romans often counted their years using the A.U.C. system (from the founding of the city):
Year 1 A.U.C. = 753 BC
Year 727 A.U.C. = 27 BC (Founding of the Roman Empire under Augustus)
Year 1229 A.U.C. = 476 AD (Fall of the Western Roman Empire)
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